Chapter 4 A Polycentric World: Cities and States in East Asia, the Americas, and West Africa 1700 BCE - 1000 CE
Topic Summaries: Be prepared to orally present three of these sections. Do not be tempted to just do the "short ones". Write a thesis statement for each section.
1. China: The Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties
2. The Western Hemisphere: Mesoamerica and South America
3. West Africa: The Niger River Valley
Identify the following terms and offer the WHC for each:
1. Shandong
2. Yu the Great
3. slash and burn agriculture
4. mit'a
5. Aksum
6. Nok
Focus Points: Write Concise Summary paragraphs for each of the following. Be sure to include topic sentences/summary sentences from each paragraph and define any terms that come from the section.
1. pp. 92-93 Historical Evidence of the Xia Dynasty
2. pp. 96-97 The Zhou Dynasty
3. pp. 101-102 The Urban Explosion: Teotihuacan
4. pp. 107-108 Coastal Settlements and Networks
5. pp. 110-111 Agricultural Towns in North America
6. pp. 113-114 Jenne-jeno: A New Urban Pattern?
Review Questions: Answer the following questions from the back of each chapter.
-Archaeologists working with the earliest cities of Mesopotamia and Egypt asserted that a true city must have writing. In light of the findings in the Americas and in Jenne-jeno, do you agree with those archaeologists that the settlements in these regions are not cities; or do you think that they are cities and that a city's definition should be changed?
-How has the discovery and deciphering of ancient writing helped to form our understanding of urban life in ancient China and Mesoamerica?
-Anthropologist Jared Diamond says that Mesopotamia and Egypt had an advantage in technological and social development over other areas of the world because they were ecologically rich in animal and plant resources. As you compare the early urban developments in China, the Americas, and Jenne-jeno, would you agree or disagree with Diamond? Why?
-In at least six of the early seven urban locations, we find evidence of human sacrafice, or of killing some of the ruler's companions to accompany him (or hier) to an afterlife. Why do you think these practices stopped?
-In which of the four urban centers represented in this chapter did the ruler seem to have the most power? What evidence can you cite to support your view?
-Are you convinced by the arguments of the McIntoshes that Jenne-jeno is an example of an unusal kind of city that challenges our understanding of early urbanization? Why or why not?
1. China: The Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties
2. The Western Hemisphere: Mesoamerica and South America
3. West Africa: The Niger River Valley
Identify the following terms and offer the WHC for each:
1. Shandong
2. Yu the Great
3. slash and burn agriculture
4. mit'a
5. Aksum
6. Nok
Focus Points: Write Concise Summary paragraphs for each of the following. Be sure to include topic sentences/summary sentences from each paragraph and define any terms that come from the section.
1. pp. 92-93 Historical Evidence of the Xia Dynasty
2. pp. 96-97 The Zhou Dynasty
3. pp. 101-102 The Urban Explosion: Teotihuacan
4. pp. 107-108 Coastal Settlements and Networks
5. pp. 110-111 Agricultural Towns in North America
6. pp. 113-114 Jenne-jeno: A New Urban Pattern?
Review Questions: Answer the following questions from the back of each chapter.
-Archaeologists working with the earliest cities of Mesopotamia and Egypt asserted that a true city must have writing. In light of the findings in the Americas and in Jenne-jeno, do you agree with those archaeologists that the settlements in these regions are not cities; or do you think that they are cities and that a city's definition should be changed?
-How has the discovery and deciphering of ancient writing helped to form our understanding of urban life in ancient China and Mesoamerica?
-Anthropologist Jared Diamond says that Mesopotamia and Egypt had an advantage in technological and social development over other areas of the world because they were ecologically rich in animal and plant resources. As you compare the early urban developments in China, the Americas, and Jenne-jeno, would you agree or disagree with Diamond? Why?
-In at least six of the early seven urban locations, we find evidence of human sacrafice, or of killing some of the ruler's companions to accompany him (or hier) to an afterlife. Why do you think these practices stopped?
-In which of the four urban centers represented in this chapter did the ruler seem to have the most power? What evidence can you cite to support your view?
-Are you convinced by the arguments of the McIntoshes that Jenne-jeno is an example of an unusal kind of city that challenges our understanding of early urbanization? Why or why not?
Chapter 5 Dawn of the Empires: Empire-Building in North Africa, West Asia, and the Mediterranean 2000 BCE - 300 BCE
Topic Summaries: Be prepared to orally present three of these sections. Do not be tempted to just do the "short ones". Write a thesis statement for each section.
1. The Meaning of Empire
2. The Earliest Empires
3. The Persian Empire
4. The Greek City States
5. The Empire of Alexander the Great
Identify the following terms and offer the WHC for each:
1. "All roads lead to Rome"
2. hegemony and dominance
3. "Indo-Europeans"
4. Ashurbanipal
5. satrapy
6. Marduk
7. Linear A
8. Greek "Dark Ages"
9. "Philippics"
10. Seleucid Empire
Focus Points: Write Concise Summary paragraphs for each of the following. Be sure to include topic sentences/summary sentences from each paragraph and define any terms that come from the section.
1. pp. 127-128 Sargon of Akkad
2. pp. 131-134 Egypt and International Conquest
3. pp. 137-138 Darius I
4. pp. 143-145 Athens and the Development of Democracy
5. pp. 153-154 The Peloponnesian War (including Pericles' Funeral Oration)
6. pp. 157-159 The Legacy of Alexander: The Hellenistic Ecumene
Review Questions: Answer the following questions from the back of each chapter.
- Define "empire" and discuss the chief characteristics generally shared by empires.
- Choose an empire from this chapter. Indicate the degree to which it shares the characteristics noted above.
- Give examples of a culture becoming an empire by conquering an existing empire. Give examples of people creating an empire of their own.
- Apart from the use of sheer military force, what policies do successful empires adopt in order to establish and maintain their power over the peoples they conquer?
- What seems to be the causes of the decline and fall of empires?
-Thucydides wrote, "Our opinion of the gods and our knowledge of men lead us to conclude that it is a genral and necessary law of nature to rule whatever one can." Do you agree? Why or why not? Use this chapter's materials to support your view.
1. The Meaning of Empire
2. The Earliest Empires
3. The Persian Empire
4. The Greek City States
5. The Empire of Alexander the Great
Identify the following terms and offer the WHC for each:
1. "All roads lead to Rome"
2. hegemony and dominance
3. "Indo-Europeans"
4. Ashurbanipal
5. satrapy
6. Marduk
7. Linear A
8. Greek "Dark Ages"
9. "Philippics"
10. Seleucid Empire
Focus Points: Write Concise Summary paragraphs for each of the following. Be sure to include topic sentences/summary sentences from each paragraph and define any terms that come from the section.
1. pp. 127-128 Sargon of Akkad
2. pp. 131-134 Egypt and International Conquest
3. pp. 137-138 Darius I
4. pp. 143-145 Athens and the Development of Democracy
5. pp. 153-154 The Peloponnesian War (including Pericles' Funeral Oration)
6. pp. 157-159 The Legacy of Alexander: The Hellenistic Ecumene
Review Questions: Answer the following questions from the back of each chapter.
- Define "empire" and discuss the chief characteristics generally shared by empires.
- Choose an empire from this chapter. Indicate the degree to which it shares the characteristics noted above.
- Give examples of a culture becoming an empire by conquering an existing empire. Give examples of people creating an empire of their own.
- Apart from the use of sheer military force, what policies do successful empires adopt in order to establish and maintain their power over the peoples they conquer?
- What seems to be the causes of the decline and fall of empires?
-Thucydides wrote, "Our opinion of the gods and our knowledge of men lead us to conclude that it is a genral and necessary law of nature to rule whatever one can." Do you agree? Why or why not? Use this chapter's materials to support your view.
Chapter 6 Rome and the Barbarians: The Rise and Fall of Empire 750 BCE-500 CE
Topic Summaries: Be prepared to orally present one of these sections. Do not be tempted to just do the "short ones". Write a thesis statement for each section.
1. From Hill Town to Empire
2. The Barbarians and the Fall of the Roman Empire
Identify the following terms and offer the WHC for each:
1. Philip V (Macedon)
2. Paterfamilias
3. "Huns"
4. Aurelian
Focus Points: Write Concise Summary paragraphs for each of the following. Be sure to include topic sentences/summary sentences from each paragraph and define any terms that come from the section.
1. pp. 165-167 The Conquest of Carthage and the Western Mediterranean
2. p. 170 Institutions of Empire
3. pp. 175-178 Slaves and Slave Revolts, Military Power
4. pp. 184-185 Luxury Trades
5. pp. 188-189 Stoicism
6. 196-198 Causes of the Decline and Fall
Review Questions: Answer the following questions from the back of each chapter.
- Why did Rome choose to expand from city-state to empire? What stages marked that expansion?
-What was the policy of the "New Wiscom" in Rome's military strategy? Give examples of its implementation. Do you think it was an appropriate and effective policy? What other strategies did Rome employ to win over its enemies?
-Socieal hierarchy was fundamental to Roman political and social life at all levels throughout its history. Give examples from domenstic life to civic life to imperial life.
-What was the policy of "bread and circuses"? How did it evolve? What do you think were its effects?
-What were the accomplishments in which Roman emperors took the most pride? In our text, the example of Augustus is most fully discussed, but other emperors are also mentioned.
-What changes took place in the Roman Empire and in Christianity that enabled Christianity to become the dominant religion? Please note the stages in this evolution.
-Why might historians say that the Roman Empire was "dismembered," rather than say that it "fell"?
-What factors enabled the eastern, Byzantine Empire to survive for one thousand years after the end of teh Roman Empire?
1. From Hill Town to Empire
2. The Barbarians and the Fall of the Roman Empire
Identify the following terms and offer the WHC for each:
1. Philip V (Macedon)
2. Paterfamilias
3. "Huns"
4. Aurelian
Focus Points: Write Concise Summary paragraphs for each of the following. Be sure to include topic sentences/summary sentences from each paragraph and define any terms that come from the section.
1. pp. 165-167 The Conquest of Carthage and the Western Mediterranean
2. p. 170 Institutions of Empire
3. pp. 175-178 Slaves and Slave Revolts, Military Power
4. pp. 184-185 Luxury Trades
5. pp. 188-189 Stoicism
6. 196-198 Causes of the Decline and Fall
Review Questions: Answer the following questions from the back of each chapter.
- Why did Rome choose to expand from city-state to empire? What stages marked that expansion?
-What was the policy of the "New Wiscom" in Rome's military strategy? Give examples of its implementation. Do you think it was an appropriate and effective policy? What other strategies did Rome employ to win over its enemies?
-Socieal hierarchy was fundamental to Roman political and social life at all levels throughout its history. Give examples from domenstic life to civic life to imperial life.
-What was the policy of "bread and circuses"? How did it evolve? What do you think were its effects?
-What were the accomplishments in which Roman emperors took the most pride? In our text, the example of Augustus is most fully discussed, but other emperors are also mentioned.
-What changes took place in the Roman Empire and in Christianity that enabled Christianity to become the dominant religion? Please note the stages in this evolution.
-Why might historians say that the Roman Empire was "dismembered," rather than say that it "fell"?
-What factors enabled the eastern, Byzantine Empire to survive for one thousand years after the end of teh Roman Empire?
Essay Prep
CCOT / CC
In preparation for two of your essays (CCOT and Comparison), as well as 2 elements of PERSIA, answer the following:
Change: What changed over the course of these three chapters? (use 4 examples / 2 elements of PERSIA in your answer)
Continuity: What stayed the same over the course of these three chapters (use 4 examples / 2 elements of PERSIA in your answer)
Compare/Contrast: Pick one item from these three chapters to compare and contrast from a different set of three chapters. Create a Compare / Contrast chart and/or Venn Diagram to assist you.
Change: What changed over the course of these three chapters? (use 4 examples / 2 elements of PERSIA in your answer)
Continuity: What stayed the same over the course of these three chapters (use 4 examples / 2 elements of PERSIA in your answer)
Compare/Contrast: Pick one item from these three chapters to compare and contrast from a different set of three chapters. Create a Compare / Contrast chart and/or Venn Diagram to assist you.
DBQ
In preparation for your DBQ essay, analyze the following document in terms of POV (Bias, Validity, Motivation, Societal Position, and World Historical Context) as well as "s/he would say that because...."
Refer to document starting on p. 148 (5.6 The Stoic Philosophy...)
Refer to document starting on p. 148 (5.6 The Stoic Philosophy...)
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