Shakespeare Powerpoint

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•   milka24 favorited this 2 months ago
  Tags slideshow bard
•   Bill Balina, teacher at hss, favorited this 3 months ago
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•   victorgaogao favorited this 4 months ago
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Shakespeare Powerpoint - Presentation Transcript

1. William Shakespeare's World To be, or not to be, that is the question... This above all, to thine own self be true...
2. Queen Elizabeth I – ( 1558-1603 )
   • Ruled England for 45 years.
   • Nicknamed “the Virgin Queen”
   • and produced no heir to the throne
   • Restored Protestantism and formalized the
   • Church of England
   • During her reign, the economy was weakened by inflation, food shortages, and high rent.
   • Outbreak of the black plague, food riots, Catholic conspiracies, threats of invasion, etc.
   • During the Elizabethan Period , hundreds of people were convicted as witches and executed
3. King James I – ( 1603-1628 )
   • Renamed Shakespeare’’s acting troupe “The King’s Men”
   • Believed in the supernatural and interested in witchcraft
   • Religious and believed in the existence of supernatural evil
   • Commissioned a translation of the bible from Latin to English
   • Published a book about witchcraft called “Demonologie“ in 1597
4. • Witches and witchcraft were a morbid fascination
   • Between 1560-1603, hundreds of people (nearly all women) were convicted as witches and executed
   • Witches could predict the future, bring on daytime and nighttime, cause fogs and storms, and change into animals
   • If convicted, people would be subjected to torture and death by hanging or burning at the stake
   • King James I was fascinated by witchcraft
   • Signs of possession were: trance, change of appearance, inability to pray, visions, disturbed behavior, lack of fear, indifference to life, and invitations to evil spirits to possess one’s body.
   • Shakespeare’s audience were religious Christians who believed in heaven and hell
5. The Plays
   • Early plays, 1590’s, were mainly comedy
   • Comedy (and this could be extended to most of Shakespeare's history plays as well)  is social--leading to a happy resolution (usually a marriage or marriages) and social unification. 
   • Shakespeare began to focus on tragedy/dramatic themes in the early 1600’s
   • Tragedy is individual, concentrating on the suffering of a single, remarkable hero--leading to individual torment, waste and death
   • 1608 marks a change in tone from tragedy to romance, light, magic, and reconciliation
6. Comedies Comedy of Errors 1592 The Taming of the Shrew 1592-94 Love's Labor's Lost 1594-95 Two Gentlemen of Verona 1594-95 A Midsummer Night's Dream 1595-96 The Merchant of Venice 1596-97 Much Ado About Nothing 1598-99 As You Like It 1599-1600 Twelfth Night 1599-1600 Merry Wives of Windsor 1601-02 Troilus and Cressida 1601-02 All's Well That Ends Well 1602-03 Measure for Measure 1604-05
7. Tragedies & Tragicomedies Titus Andronicus 1593-94 Romeo and Juliet 1594-95 Hamlet 1600-01 Othello 1604-05 The Tragedy of King Lear 1605-06 Macbeth 1605-06 Timon of Athens 1607-(?) Cymbeline 1609-10 The Winter's Tale 1610-11 Tempest 1611-12
8. Henry VI parts I, II, III 1590-92 Richard III 1590-92 King John 1594-96 Richard II 1597-(?) King Henry IV part I, part II 1597-98 Henry V (1599) 1598-99 Julius Caesar 1599-1600 Henry VIII 1613-(?) Antony and Cleopatra 1606-07 Coriolanus 1607-08 Historical
9. When in a play...
   • Only men were permitted to perform
   • Boys or effeminate men were used to play the women
   • Costumes were often the company’s most valuable asset
   • Costumes were made by the company, bought in London, or donated by courtiers
10. Staging Areas
    • Stage --  platform that extended into the pit
    • Dressing & storage rooms in galleries behind & above stage
    • Second-level gallery & upper stage --  famous balcony scene in R & J
    • Trap door -  ghosts
    • “ Heavens”-  angelic beings
11. English Theater
    • Plays were most often performed in outdoor theaters
    • Performances took place during the day so that the stage would be illuminated by natural light
12. The Globe Theater
13. THE GLOBE THEATER
    • Built in 1599
    • The most magnificent theater in London
    • Shakespeare was 1/5 owner
    • He earned 10% of the total profit, approximately £ 200-250 a year
    • The Bard retired to Stratford and lived on the profits he earned from the Globe
    • June 19, 1613 the Globe burned to the ground during a performance of Henry VIII
14. The Globe Theater –
    • Many of Shakespeare’s plays were performed here
    • The stage was a large, rectangle that jutted out into the yard
    • Held 2,000-3,000 people tightly packed
    • An open playhouse with a wooden structure three stories high
    • It was shaped like a 16 sided polygon
    • General admission = 1 Penny entitled a spectator to be a “groundling”-someone who could stand in the yard.
    • More expensive seats were in the roofed galleries and most expensive seats were chairs set right on the stage along its two sides
    • Rebuilt in 1900’s
15. • Aristocrats
    • The Queen/King
    • The Groundlings!
16. Actors
    • Only men and boys allowed onstage
    • Young boys whose voices had not changed play women’s roles
    • It would have been considered indecent for a woman to appear on stage
17. Differences
    • No scenery
    • Settings > references in dialogue
    • Elaborate costumes
    • Plenty of props
    • Fast-paced, colorful>2 hours!
18. Spectators
    • Wealthy got benches
    • “ Groundlings”>poorer people stood and watched from the courtyard (“pit”)
    • All but wealthy were
    • uneducated/illiterate
    • Much more interaction than today
19. The Cost of a Show
    • 1 shilling to stand
    • 2 shillings to sit in the balcony
    • 1 shilling was 10% of their weekly income
    • Broadway Today:
    • $85 Orchestra
    • $60 Balcony
    • 10% of a teacher’s weekly salary
20. The Man That Would Be Shakespeare
    • 1563-1616
    • Stratford-on-Avon, England
    • He wrote 37 plays &
    • 154 sonnets
    • He started out as an actor
    William
21. Background of the Bard
    • Born April, 1564 in Stratford on Avon
    • Parents John & Mary Shakespeare
    • Educated at Stratford Grammar School
    • Learned business as an apprentice for his father
    • Married Anne Hathaway November 28, 1582
    • She was 8 years his senior and 3 months pregnant when they married
22. The Tragic Hero
23. • Aristotle’s Definition of Tragedy
    • A man of high standard who falls from that high because of a tragic flaw that has affected many ”
    • ***Macbeth is one of the most famous examples of the tragic hero.
24. Prose
    • Ordinary writing that is not poetry, drama, or song
    • Only characters in the lower social classes speak this way in Shakespeare’s plays
    • Why do you suppose that is?
25. WHAT DID HE JUST SAY? Did people really talk this way? Prose - language without metrical structure Verse - poetic language and style Blank Verse :  unrhymed iambic pentameter. Iambic Pentameter :  five beats of alternating unstressed and stressed syllables; ten syllables per line. 'So fair / and foul / a day / I have / not seen '
26. What just happened?
    • Shakespeare will be some of the most difficult reading you will ever attempt. BE PATIENT!
    • Middle English vs. Modern English
    • Reading Tips
    • Read the Introduction
    • Read everything twice
    • First time- try reading without looking at footnotes, mark any interesting or difficult items
    • 4. Try reading aloud
    • 5. Look up words you don’t know
    • 6. Keep a list of characters
27. • Set in Scotland
    • Written for King James I (formerly of Scotland, now England)
    • Queen of Denmark (James’s sister) was visiting
    • Shakespeare researched The Chronicles –
    • Banquo is an ancestor of King James I
    Macbeth The tragedy of
28. The Curse!
29. “ The Scottish Play”
    • It is believed to be bad luck to even squeak the word ‘ Macbeth ’ in a theatre
    • Legend has it you will lose all your friends involved in the production—horribly.
    • Since 1606, hundreds of actors, stage crew, etc. have been hurt or have died during the production of this play.
    • It is believed that Shakespeare included black magic spells in the incantations of the weird sisters.
    • People refer to this play as “the Scottish Play”
    • The only remedy to get rid of this curse is that the offender must step outside, turn around three times, spit, and whisper a foul word, and wait for permission to re-enter the theater.