Chapter 1 The Dry Bones Speak 5 million BCE - 10000 BCE
Topic Summaries: Be prepared to orally present three of these sections. Do not be tempted to just do the "short ones". Write a thesis statement for each section.
1. Human Origins in Myth and History
2. Fossils and Fossil Hunters
3. Humans Create Culture
4. The Story of Prehistory: What Difference Does It Make?
Identify the following terms and offer the WHC for each:
1. Enuma Elish
2. teology
3. Neander Valley
4. "paradigm shift"
5. Polynesia
6. Noam Chomsky
7. "ordinary" science
8. paleoanthropology
Focus Points: Write Concise Summary paragraphs for each of the following. Be sure to include topic sentences/summary sentences from each paragraph and define any terms that come from the section.
1. pp. 7-9 The Evolutionary Explanation
2. pp. 12-13 The Search Shifts to Africa
3. pp. 20-22 Biological Evolution and Cultural Creativity
4. pp. 27-29 Changes in the Toolkit
5. pp. 29-32 Cave Art and Portable Art
6. p. 32 Agriculture: From Hunter-gather to Farmer
Review Questions: Answer the following questions from the back of each chapter.
- Most historians work with written documents, while paleoanthropologists work with different kinds of fossil materials. Nevertheless, many of the concerns in exploring the past are similar. Do you agree or disagree? Why?
-What are the images of humankind represented in the creation stories cited here from Enuma Elish, the Rigveda, and the Book of Genesis? To what degree is the place of humankind in the world similar in each of the stories? To what degree is it different?
-In what sense did the work of Charles Darwin make the work of paleoanthropology possible?
-Would you like to participate in an archaeological dig in Africa seeking to discover further examples of early hominids? What elements of the work appeal to you? What elements do not?
-What is the difference between "normal science" and "revolutionary science"? What examples of revolutionary science appear in this chapter?
-To what degree is the creation of art a major step forward in cultural creativity? How do discoveries of art help us understand the lives of early Homo sapiens sapiens?
1. Human Origins in Myth and History
2. Fossils and Fossil Hunters
3. Humans Create Culture
4. The Story of Prehistory: What Difference Does It Make?
Identify the following terms and offer the WHC for each:
1. Enuma Elish
2. teology
3. Neander Valley
4. "paradigm shift"
5. Polynesia
6. Noam Chomsky
7. "ordinary" science
8. paleoanthropology
Focus Points: Write Concise Summary paragraphs for each of the following. Be sure to include topic sentences/summary sentences from each paragraph and define any terms that come from the section.
1. pp. 7-9 The Evolutionary Explanation
2. pp. 12-13 The Search Shifts to Africa
3. pp. 20-22 Biological Evolution and Cultural Creativity
4. pp. 27-29 Changes in the Toolkit
5. pp. 29-32 Cave Art and Portable Art
6. p. 32 Agriculture: From Hunter-gather to Farmer
Review Questions: Answer the following questions from the back of each chapter.
- Most historians work with written documents, while paleoanthropologists work with different kinds of fossil materials. Nevertheless, many of the concerns in exploring the past are similar. Do you agree or disagree? Why?
-What are the images of humankind represented in the creation stories cited here from Enuma Elish, the Rigveda, and the Book of Genesis? To what degree is the place of humankind in the world similar in each of the stories? To what degree is it different?
-In what sense did the work of Charles Darwin make the work of paleoanthropology possible?
-Would you like to participate in an archaeological dig in Africa seeking to discover further examples of early hominids? What elements of the work appeal to you? What elements do not?
-What is the difference between "normal science" and "revolutionary science"? What examples of revolutionary science appear in this chapter?
-To what degree is the creation of art a major step forward in cultural creativity? How do discoveries of art help us understand the lives of early Homo sapiens sapiens?
Chapter 2 From Village Community to City-State: Food First: The Agricultural Village: 10000 BCE - 750 BCE
Topic Summaries: Be prepared to orally present three of these sections. Do not be tempted to just do the "short ones". Write a thesis statement for each section.
1. The Agricultural Village
2. The First Cities
3. Sumer: The Birth of the City
4. The Growth of the City State
5. The First Cities: What Difference Do They Make?
Identify the following terms and offer the WHC for each:
1. Natufians
2. Jomon
3. Bronze Age
4. quipu
5. Ubaids
6. "Old Babylonia"
7. Metallurgists
8. pictograms
9. Gilgamesh
10. polis
Focus Points: Write Concise Summary paragraphs for each of the following. Be sure to include topic sentences/summary sentences from each paragraph and define any terms that come from the section.
1. pp. 44-46 The Agricultural Village
2. pp. 48-49 Sumer: The Birth of Cities
3. pp. 51-52 Religion: The Priesthood and the City
4. pp. 53-54 Trade and Markets: Wheeled Cart and Sailboat
5. pp. 56- 58 Achievements in Literature and Law
6. p. 60 Some Modern Critques of Early Urbanization
Review Questions: Answer the following questions from the back of each chapter.
-Why did people create the earliest cities? Note that several of the reasons that are usually given are disputed. Which of the reasons seems to be most convincing to you? Why?
- Why did Sumer become the site of the first cities? Why did the Nile and Indus valleys become the next two sites?
- What is the connection between the creation of the first cities and the creation of the first states?
- What was the importance of writing to the creation of the first cities? Please consider all the uses of writing in your answer. Later we will encounter cities that had no writing. What do you think that they will lack in comparison to the cities of the fertile crescent that did have it?
-When ancient cities were defeated in warfare, lamentaions were often composed over their loss. What was the nature of the losses that were lamented?
-In what ways are our modern cities like the ancient cities of Sumer? In what ways are they different?
1. The Agricultural Village
2. The First Cities
3. Sumer: The Birth of the City
4. The Growth of the City State
5. The First Cities: What Difference Do They Make?
Identify the following terms and offer the WHC for each:
1. Natufians
2. Jomon
3. Bronze Age
4. quipu
5. Ubaids
6. "Old Babylonia"
7. Metallurgists
8. pictograms
9. Gilgamesh
10. polis
Focus Points: Write Concise Summary paragraphs for each of the following. Be sure to include topic sentences/summary sentences from each paragraph and define any terms that come from the section.
1. pp. 44-46 The Agricultural Village
2. pp. 48-49 Sumer: The Birth of Cities
3. pp. 51-52 Religion: The Priesthood and the City
4. pp. 53-54 Trade and Markets: Wheeled Cart and Sailboat
5. pp. 56- 58 Achievements in Literature and Law
6. p. 60 Some Modern Critques of Early Urbanization
Review Questions: Answer the following questions from the back of each chapter.
-Why did people create the earliest cities? Note that several of the reasons that are usually given are disputed. Which of the reasons seems to be most convincing to you? Why?
- Why did Sumer become the site of the first cities? Why did the Nile and Indus valleys become the next two sites?
- What is the connection between the creation of the first cities and the creation of the first states?
- What was the importance of writing to the creation of the first cities? Please consider all the uses of writing in your answer. Later we will encounter cities that had no writing. What do you think that they will lack in comparison to the cities of the fertile crescent that did have it?
-When ancient cities were defeated in warfare, lamentaions were often composed over their loss. What was the nature of the losses that were lamented?
-In what ways are our modern cities like the ancient cities of Sumer? In what ways are they different?
Chapter 3 River Valley Civilizations: The Nile and the Indus 7000BCE - 750 BCE
Topic Summaries: Be prepared to orally present three of these sections. Do not be tempted to just do the "short ones". Write a thesis statement for each section.
1. Egypt: the Gift of the Nile
2. The Indus Valley Civilization and its Mysteries
3. Cities of the Nile and the Indus: What Difference Do They Make?
Identify the following terms and offer the WHC for each:
1. Nagada I
2. mastaba
3. "Hill of the Dead"
4. cotton
5. extreme stratification
6.Dholavira
Focus Points: Write Concise Summary paragraphs for each of the following. Be sure to include topic sentences/summary sentences from each paragraph and define any terms that come from the section.
1. pp. 67-68 The Written Record
2. pp. 71-73 The Growth of Cities
3. p. 76 The Disintegration of the Old Kingdom
4. p. 78 Akhetaten, Capital City of King Akhenaten
5. pp. 81-83 Carefully Planned Cities
6. pp. 83-84 Legacies of the Harappan Civilization (including The Decline of Harappan Civilization)
Review Questions: Answer the following questions from the back of each chapter.
- Why is it difficult to determine which Egyptian settlements are cities? Why is Hierakonpolis sometimes called a city, although more often it is designated a very large settlement?
-In what ways did their belief in an afterlife influence the cities that the Egyptians built?
-What can we learn about cities from the autobiographical account by Si-Nuhe of his experience in exile and his return to the capital city of Lisht?
-What kinds of information are available in the written records of Egypt, and of Mesopotamia, that are unavailable for the Indus valley due to the scarcity of written materials and our inability to decipher them?
- In light of the discovery of the likely origins of the Indus valley civilization in the foothills to the west, and of its extensions as far north as Punjab and as far south as the Narmada river, is it appropriate to continue to call it "the Indus valley civilization?" Why or why not? If not, what otehr name might you give it?
- What is the evidence that scholars use to argue that the Inds valley civilization was more egalitarian, with less class differentiation, than the civilizations of the Nile valley and Mesopotamia?
1. Egypt: the Gift of the Nile
2. The Indus Valley Civilization and its Mysteries
3. Cities of the Nile and the Indus: What Difference Do They Make?
Identify the following terms and offer the WHC for each:
1. Nagada I
2. mastaba
3. "Hill of the Dead"
4. cotton
5. extreme stratification
6.Dholavira
Focus Points: Write Concise Summary paragraphs for each of the following. Be sure to include topic sentences/summary sentences from each paragraph and define any terms that come from the section.
1. pp. 67-68 The Written Record
2. pp. 71-73 The Growth of Cities
3. p. 76 The Disintegration of the Old Kingdom
4. p. 78 Akhetaten, Capital City of King Akhenaten
5. pp. 81-83 Carefully Planned Cities
6. pp. 83-84 Legacies of the Harappan Civilization (including The Decline of Harappan Civilization)
Review Questions: Answer the following questions from the back of each chapter.
- Why is it difficult to determine which Egyptian settlements are cities? Why is Hierakonpolis sometimes called a city, although more often it is designated a very large settlement?
-In what ways did their belief in an afterlife influence the cities that the Egyptians built?
-What can we learn about cities from the autobiographical account by Si-Nuhe of his experience in exile and his return to the capital city of Lisht?
-What kinds of information are available in the written records of Egypt, and of Mesopotamia, that are unavailable for the Indus valley due to the scarcity of written materials and our inability to decipher them?
- In light of the discovery of the likely origins of the Indus valley civilization in the foothills to the west, and of its extensions as far north as Punjab and as far south as the Narmada river, is it appropriate to continue to call it "the Indus valley civilization?" Why or why not? If not, what otehr name might you give it?
- What is the evidence that scholars use to argue that the Inds valley civilization was more egalitarian, with less class differentiation, than the civilizations of the Nile valley and Mesopotamia?
Essay Prep
CCOT / CC
In preparation for two of your essays (CCOT and Comparison), as well as 2 elements of PERSIA, answer the following:
Change: What changed over the course of these three chapters? (use 4 examples / 2 elements of PERSIA in your answer)
Continuity: What stayed the same over the course of these three chapters (use 4 examples / 2 elements of PERSIA in your answer)
Compare/Contrast: Pick one item from these three chapters to compare and contrast from a different set of three chapters. Create a Compare / Contrast chart and/or Venn Diagram to assist you.
Change: What changed over the course of these three chapters? (use 4 examples / 2 elements of PERSIA in your answer)
Continuity: What stayed the same over the course of these three chapters (use 4 examples / 2 elements of PERSIA in your answer)
Compare/Contrast: Pick one item from these three chapters to compare and contrast from a different set of three chapters. Create a Compare / Contrast chart and/or Venn Diagram to assist you.
DBQ
In preparation for your DBQ essay, analyze the following document in terms of POV (Bias, Validity, Motivation, Societal Position, and World Historical Context) as well as "s/he would say that because...."
Refer to document starting on p. 45 (2.1 Might Makes Right...)
Refer to document starting on p. 45 (2.1 Might Makes Right...)
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